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SM ''U-1'' or ''U-I'' was the lead boat of her class of submarine or U-boat built for and operated by the Austro-Hungarian Navy ((ドイツ語:Kaiserliche und Königliche Kriegsmarine ''or'' K.u.K. Kriegsmarine)). ''U-1'' was designed by American Simon Lake's Lake Torpedo Boat Company and built at the navy yard in Pola. She was one of two Lake-designed submarines purchased as part of a competitive evaluation of foreign submarine designs. ''U-1'' was launched in February 1909 and was long and displaced between depending on whether surfaced or submerged. She was originally powered by gasoline engines for surface running, but during her trials, they were found to be incapable of reaching the contracted speed. ''U-1'' was commissioned in April 1911 and served as a training boat through 1914. At the beginning of World War I, ''U-1'' was in drydock awaiting new batteries and replacement diesel engines. ''U-1'' returned to service as a training boat until October 1915. From November she conducted reconnaissance cruises out of Trieste and Pola until she was declared obsolete in early 1918. She continued to serve in a training role at the submarine base on Brioni, but was at Pola at the end of the war. She was awarded to Italy as a war reparation in 1920 and scrapped at Pola. ''U-1'' did not sink any ships during the war. == Design and construction == ''U-1'' was built as part of a plan by the Austro-Hungarian Navy to competitively evaluate foreign submarine designs from Simon Lake, Germaniawerft, and John Philip Holland.〔Gardiner, p. 340.〕 The Austro-Hungarian Navy ordered plans for ''U-1'' (and sister ship ) in 1906 from the Lake Torpedo Boat Company of Bridgeport, Connecticut.〔Gibson and Prendergast, p. 383.〕 ''U-1'' was built at the Pola Navy Yard and was launched on 10 February 1909.〔〔In their book ''The German Submarine War, 1914–1918'', R. H. Gibson and Maurice Prendergast report that ''U-1'' was launched in 1911 (p. 383).〕 ''U-1'' had several features typical of Lake's designs, including a diving chamber under the bow and two variable pitch propellers. Lake's design also called for two retractable wheels that allowed travel over the seabed. The design also placed the diving tanks above the waterline of the single, cylindrical hull, which necessitated a heavy ballast keel for vertical stability. This arrangement required mechanical pumping, a procedure that took 8 minutes. ''U-1''s propulsion system consisted of two gasoline engines for surface running and two electric motors for running while submerged.〔 The boat was long by abeam and had a draft of . As designed, her displacement was surfaced and submerged.〔 She was outfitted with three torpedo tubes—two in the bow, one in the stern—and could carry up to five torpedoes,〔 but typically carried three.〔 ''U-1'' was also armed with a deck gun.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「SM U-1 (Austria-Hungary)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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